Everything about Soil Flora totally explained
Soil flora and
Soil fauna are terms used to describe the organisms that live within
soils. The flora is composed primarily of
microorganisms such as
bacteria,
actinomycetes,
algae and
fungi (though some fungi are visible to the unaided eye). The fauna is composed of microfauna such as protozoans, mesofauna such as nematodes and
arthropods such as mites, centipedes, springtails, and macrofauna such as
insects and
worms, mice,
moles et cetera.
The soil flora and fauna play important roles in
agriculture and
horticulture, performing such roles as decomposing organic materials, moving nutrients through soil layers, fixing atmospheric
nitrogen, and improving soil
structure.
Some parts of the soil flora and fauna are plant pathogens, while others are antagonists.
Soil ecology is very complex and not yet well understood. For example, while it's estimated there may two two million types of bacteria in the sea, there may be 4 million in one tonne of soil. Less than 1 per cent of these bacteria may be cultured in the lab, because suitable media can't be found, for example the demands and roles of these organisms are not well understood.
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